How to Read an Option Chain: Delta, Theta & IV

Master option chain columns to choose better strikes and expirations with confidence.

Key Option Chain Columns

Basic Data:

  • Bid/Ask: What buyers/sellers are willing to pay

    Tighter spreads = better liquidity

  • Volume: Contracts traded today

    Higher volume = easier to get fills

  • Open Interest: Total open contracts

    Shows long-term interest

The Greeks:

  • Delta: Price sensitivity + probability

    0.30 delta ≈ 30% chance ITM

  • Theta: Daily time decay

    Benefits sellers, hurts buyers

  • Vega & IV: Volatility sensitivity

    Higher IV = pricier premiums

Practical Strike Selection

Delta-Based Guidelines:

Income Strategies

Delta 0.20-0.35

Covered calls, cash-secured puts

Directional Trades

Delta 0.35-0.60

Moderate conviction plays

High Conviction

Delta 0.60+

Strong directional bets

FAQ

What's gamma and why does it matter?

Gamma measures how fast delta changes. It's highest near expiration for ATM options—affects how quickly your position's sensitivity changes.

What is IV Rank?

IV Rank shows current implied volatility relative to its 52-week range. High IV rank (>70) favors premium selling strategies.

Volume vs Open Interest—which matters more?

Both matter. Volume shows today's activity, OI shows sustained interest. Look for strikes with both high volume and OI for best liquidity.